Book structure



Aug. 12, 1930. R. TRANE BOOK STRUCTURE Filed Nov. 18, 1929 RAYMOND Tmmm. mvsrnon ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 1 2,

" D E TA ES- :PATE .}FFICE dibii1iitini v e sr .11%?- ser j l 1408.051. it y invention relates to boo i l ilbiead-s "being 1 f substantially th Same, t ,1

"thicknesses the backllb Adjoiningthe back- -11 thethickened reinforcing portions are-ex-y and particularly to blank and note bookseim ploying sheets which are removable from and replaceable within the book-covers. It is the 5 object of my invention to provide a notebook particularly adapted for use in schools and the like, where it is desirableto avoid or reduce to a minimum the production of noise, to avoid scratching and abrasion of desk-sur faces, and to promote health and sanitation by enabling the effective cleansing of the per manently used cover-portion of the book when the same becomes soiled; A further object of my, invention is to provide, for

loose-leafnotebooks, paper-retaining rings of non-metallic flexible material, and detach able means for connecting theends of the ring-forming members, wherebyfthe ringsi may be opened for theinsertion or removal Lot the paper sheets at any portion of the pile or assemblage of sheets which constitute the filler of the book. A further object of myinvention is to provide a book-cover and fastening means'for paper sheets having per-- 2 .aforations through whichthe fastening means extends to removably retain thesheets or leaves within the cover, wherein the book when opened will lie substantially flat upon a plane surface, with any desired numberof s the paper sheets at either sideof the median line of the opened book. I

' In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a transverse section of abook structure embodying my mvent on, the section being on "the plane of the line 1-1 of Fig. '2, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the structure,with portions intermediate the ends broken away, Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the same plane as Fig. 1, but showing the central portion only 4 of the book, in open position, and Fig. 4' is a detail section ofone of the retaining-rings,

on the plane of the line H of Fig. 2.

In carrying out my invention according to the illustrated embodiment thereof, I pro- .vide a book-cover comprisin sides 10 and a back 11, formed integrally y; molding the same from a flexible waterproof com-position,

such as rubber. At the marginal portions of the sides 10 are continuous external beads or reinforcing ridges 12, of greaterthickness end,pbrtion= firmly, gripping the 'trespective gagement therewith unless .the parts are 1501 iblypulledjapart.my":-

than centralportions of thepsides, said.

tendeditowform semicircularvbossesM,,best I v shown inEFigJQ, through which are formed'v the openings 15 "for the paper-retaining ringsv 16. Said rings aretubular-and are of flexi ulfi bleandelastic material, such as. rubber, each i ring-forming membercbeinga piece ofela'stic tubing shaped to assumenormallya tOI'Oir .j 1 dal: formation, withthe ends :sli'ghty sepa rated asshown dotted lines in Fig.4. The, adjoining ends ;.of the elastic annular g-tube 1 aredetachably connected by ,meansiof a short; plug'ior' connector thavingzbulbous-ends or 1 heads, 17f ofa diameter;slightly-greater than 1 the rinside diameter: of the elastic ;tube, and havingbetween the heads17 a ineck portion;

of substantially the same diameter as the:iIi-:;I=7O 1' side ldiameter of the? elastic tube. {When the l y heads @171 of the 'connectorlare. forced; into the -j 1 ends of the elastic tube the, latter "is slightly. expandedtopass over the heads, but the. ends 4 contract to fit about the neck portion of the '2 connector," the' endrsurifaces abutting. so that, Z thectubef forms (a continuous ring, Land. each head .ofthe connector, so asito remain in en;

In connection 1 with, the

1 cov'erfi and retaining-rings I employ paper;

sheetsnz18' eachhavingjthe usual perforations, I adjacehtjto one edge. thereof for; receiving =8 the jrings' .The rings are opened, for; insefrs tionztlii'oughjthe;perforations of:the paperw; sheetsand the-,openings'15 of thecover y] pulling one end Z of: each ring-forming. tube f fromfthecrespective head 17. of its connector. .1; 2 Foruinsertionor'removal of one or more ;v sheets at any portion of the pile or 'as-a, semblage of sheets} within the book, the book is opened;a's shown inF-i'g. 3, the sheets or}. 1 leaves beingseparated at the place where the :35: insertion or 'removal is to be made the rings turned softhattheg joints thereof are between Q the-separated groups of. sheets, then the ringsare:;opene d, the' insertionror removal of the desiredfsheets: efi'ected, and the rings: again 9 f closed by reinserting the heads 17 of the connectors into the open ends of the ring-formin tubes.

, reason of the flexibility of the retaininfigrings and book-cover, the same will lie su tantially flat when the book is opened and laid nifion apilzne surface, as shown in Fig. 3, e ling t user to write upon any part of the sheetsexcept the extreme inner portions which are perforated to receive the rings. When the book is closed it may be formed into a roll for convenience in carry-.

ing the same in the hand or pocket. Being of waterproof material, shouldthe bookcover become soiled it may be readily and effectively cleansed by washing the soiled surfaces, and thesame thus ke t sanitary and attractiveinappearance; he flexible and resilient rubber, or like composition, will reduce to a minimum the noise produced in a school or classroom by movement of notebooks or placing thereof upondesks by students using the same, and the surfaces of the desks onother, furniture cannot be injured b slidin of the books across such surfaces.

he flexi lewaterproof composition, being molded in an inte alpiece from the plastic raw material, and em'g undamaged bybendsaid elastic tubular end portionby, expand ing the same thereover.

RAY oanTRANE.

ing or rolling the same,'is ofgreat durability,

and may be produced in colors or withsurface -designs such as tdpresent a highly ornamentalor attractive appearance;

Now, having described my invention, what I claimand desire to secure by Letters Patout is: g

1; a book ed integrally from flexible waterproof mastructure, a book-cover mold-: a

terial and having alined'openings in its op 1 posite sides adjoining the back thereof, rings of flexible elastic material passing through said openings and adaptedtotraverse per forate sheets to retain the same within the I cover,'"e'ach;of said rings comprising an intagral annularl-y formed tube of the flexible elastic materiahand a' connector having bul s bousheads detachably gripped within the end portions of the elastic rin -forming tube.

2. In a book structure 20 the class de scribed, paper-retaining rings, each comprisingflan annularly formed tube of flexible elastic material and a'connector comprising a bulbous terminal heads and an intermediate neck portion, said bulbous terminal heads being detachablyconnected with the end portions of the annular tube by expandingthe same over the heads andonto the neck portion of the connector.

3. In abook structure of theclass described, a paper-retaining ring comprising a'tube ofelasti'c rubber having normally an annular formation, and a memberfor detachably connecting the ends of said tube,

said connecting memberhaving a reduced neck portion and a head of larger diameter than the normal inside diameter of thetube, 

